Door Handles: A Comprehensive Guide to Selection and Care
Door handles, often overlooked, are a crucial element of any building’s design and functionality. They are the primary point of contact for entering and exiting a space, influencing both the user experience and the overall aesthetic appeal. Selecting the right door handle involves considering a variety of factors, including the type of door, the intended use, the desired style, and the level of security required. This comprehensive guide will explore the various aspects of door handles, providing you with the knowledge necessary to make informed decisions for your home or business.
Types of Door Handles
Door handles come in a wide range of designs, each offering unique advantages and disadvantages. Understanding the different types available is the first step in selecting the perfect handle for your needs.
Door Knobs
Door knobs are a classic and traditional choice, often found in older homes and more formal settings. They consist of a rounded or shaped handle that is turned to operate the latch. Door knobs are generally less expensive than lever handles and offer a more discreet aesthetic. However, they can be more difficult to operate for individuals with limited dexterity or mobility.
Advantages of Door Knobs:
* Traditional aesthetic
* Generally less expensive
* Available in a wide range of styles and finishes
Disadvantages of Door Knobs:
* Can be difficult to operate for some individuals
* May not meet accessibility requirements
Lever Handles
Lever handles are a more modern and ergonomic option, featuring a long lever that is pushed down to operate the latch. Lever handles are easier to use than door knobs, making them a popular choice for homes with children, elderly individuals, or people with disabilities. They also offer a more contemporary aesthetic and are often preferred for commercial applications.
Advantages of Lever Handles:
* Easier to operate than door knobs
* Meet accessibility requirements (ADA compliant levers)
* Modern and contemporary aesthetic
Disadvantages of Lever Handles:
* Generally more expensive than door knobs
* Can snag clothing or bags if not carefully designed
Pull Handles
Pull handles are typically used on doors that do not require a latch, such as closet doors, cabinet doors, or exterior doors with separate locking mechanisms. They come in a variety of shapes and sizes, from simple bars to ornate designs. Pull handles are often chosen for their aesthetic appeal and can be used to complement the overall style of a room or building.
Advantages of Pull Handles:
* Versatile design options
* Can be used on a variety of door types
* Available in a wide range of materials and finishes
Disadvantages of Pull Handles:
* Do not operate a latch
* Require a separate locking mechanism for security
Entrance Sets
Entrance sets are complete door hardware packages that include a door handle, lock cylinder, and strike plate. They are designed to provide both security and aesthetic appeal for exterior doors. Entrance sets are available in a variety of styles and finishes to match different architectural styles.
Advantages of Entrance Sets:
* Complete door hardware solution
* Provides security and aesthetic appeal
* Available in a variety of styles and finishes
Disadvantages of Entrance Sets:
* Can be more expensive than individual components
* May require professional installation
Materials Used in Door Handles
The material used to construct a door handle significantly impacts its durability, appearance, and cost. Common materials include:
Brass
Brass is a popular choice for door handles due to its durability, corrosion resistance, and attractive appearance. It can be polished to a bright shine or left to develop a natural patina over time. Brass is often used in high-end homes and commercial buildings.
Stainless Steel
Stainless steel is another durable and corrosion-resistant material that is well-suited for door handles. It is a more affordable option than brass and offers a sleek, modern aesthetic. Stainless steel is often used in contemporary homes and commercial buildings.
Bronze
Bronze is a strong and durable metal that is known for its warm, reddish-brown color. It is often used in traditional and rustic settings and can develop a beautiful patina over time. Bronze is a relatively expensive material but offers a unique and timeless aesthetic.
Aluminum
Aluminum is a lightweight and affordable material that is often used for door handles in budget-friendly applications. It is corrosion-resistant and can be anodized in a variety of colors. Aluminum is a good choice for interior doors and less demanding environments.
Zinc
Zinc is a relatively inexpensive material that is often used as a base metal for door handles. It is typically coated with another material, such as brass or nickel, to improve its appearance and durability. Zinc is a good option for budget-conscious homeowners.
Glass and Crystal
Glass and crystal are used primarily for decorative door knobs and handles. They add a touch of elegance and sophistication to a space. These materials are generally more fragile than metal and are best suited for low-traffic areas.
Wood
Wood door handles offer a natural and warm aesthetic. They are often used in rustic and traditional settings. Wood handles require regular maintenance to prevent cracking and warping.
Finishes for Door Handles
The finish of a door handle is just as important as the material it is made from. The finish affects the handle’s appearance, durability, and resistance to wear and tear. Common finishes include:
Polished Brass
Polished brass offers a bright, shiny, and classic look. It requires regular polishing to maintain its luster and prevent tarnishing.
Satin Brass
Satin brass has a soft, muted sheen that is less reflective than polished brass. It is more resistant to fingerprints and scratches and requires less maintenance.
Antique Brass
Antique brass has a darkened, aged appearance that evokes a sense of history and tradition. It is often used in older homes and period-style renovations.
Polished Chrome
Polished chrome offers a bright, shiny, and modern look. It is durable and easy to clean but can show fingerprints easily.
Satin Chrome
Satin chrome has a soft, muted sheen that is less reflective than polished chrome. It is more resistant to fingerprints and scratches and offers a contemporary aesthetic.
Oil-Rubbed Bronze
Oil-rubbed bronze has a dark, matte finish that is reminiscent of antique bronze. It is often used in traditional and rustic settings and can develop a beautiful patina over time.
Black
Black finishes are increasingly popular, offering a bold and modern look. They can be matte or glossy and are often used in contemporary and industrial-style homes.
Nickel
Nickel finishes offer a warm, silver-toned appearance. They are available in polished and satin variations, offering a versatile look for various styles.
Installation of Door Handles
Proper installation is crucial for ensuring that your door handles function correctly and securely. While some homeowners may be comfortable installing door handles themselves, it is often best to hire a professional for more complex installations.
Tools and Materials Required
Before beginning the installation process, gather the necessary tools and materials, including:
* Screwdriver (Phillips and flathead)
* Drill (with appropriate drill bits)
* Measuring tape
* Pencil
* Level
* Chisel
* Hammer
* New door handle set
* Wood screws (if needed)
Step-by-Step Installation Guide
The following is a general guide to installing a door handle. However, it is important to consult the manufacturer’s instructions for your specific door handle set.
- Remove the old door handle: Unscrew the existing door handle and remove it from the door.
- Prepare the door: Check the door for any damage or imperfections. If necessary, fill any holes or cracks with wood filler and sand smooth.
- Install the latch: Insert the latch into the edge of the door and secure it with screws. Ensure the latch aligns properly with the strike plate on the door frame.
- Install the handle: Insert the spindle through the latch and attach the door handles to either side of the door. Secure the handles with screws.
- Install the strike plate: Position the strike plate on the door frame so that it aligns with the latch. Secure the strike plate with screws.
- Test the operation: Test the door handle to ensure that it operates smoothly and that the latch engages properly with the strike plate.
Common Installation Mistakes to Avoid
* Stripping screws by overtightening.
* Installing the latch upside down.
* Failing to align the latch and strike plate properly.
* Using the wrong size screws.
* Damaging the door during installation.
Maintenance and Care of Door Handles
Proper maintenance and care will help to keep your door handles looking their best and functioning properly for years to come.
Cleaning
Regular cleaning is essential for removing dirt, dust, and fingerprints from your door handles. Use a soft, damp cloth to wipe down the handles regularly. For stubborn stains, you can use a mild soap and water solution. Avoid using harsh chemicals or abrasive cleaners, as they can damage the finish.
Polishing
Brass and other metal door handles may require occasional polishing to maintain their shine. Use a metal polish specifically designed for the type of metal you are cleaning. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions carefully.
Lubrication
If your door handles are sticking or squeaking, you may need to lubricate the latch mechanism. Use a silicone-based lubricant or a dry lubricant specifically designed for door hardware. Avoid using oil-based lubricants, as they can attract dust and dirt.
Preventing Damage
Protect your door handles from damage by avoiding harsh chemicals, abrasive cleaners, and excessive force. Be careful not to scratch the finish when cleaning or polishing. If your door handles are exposed to the elements, consider applying a protective coating to prevent corrosion.
Style Considerations for Door Handles
Door handles can play a significant role in the overall style of a room or building. When selecting door handles, consider the architectural style of your home, the existing hardware, and your personal preferences.
Matching Architectural Style
Choose door handles that complement the architectural style of your home. For example, traditional homes often benefit from classic door knobs and antique finishes, while modern homes may be better suited to sleek lever handles and contemporary finishes.
* Traditional Style: Opt for door knobs or lever handles with ornate details, classic finishes like polished brass or antique bronze.
* Modern Style: Choose sleek lever handles with minimalist designs and contemporary finishes like satin chrome or black.
* Rustic Style: Select door handles with a weathered look, like oil-rubbed bronze or wrought iron. Consider using wood accents for a natural touch.
* Victorian Style: Go for elaborate door knobs and lever handles with intricate designs and rich finishes like polished brass or crystal.
Coordinating with Existing Hardware
Coordinate your door handles with other hardware in the room, such as light fixtures, cabinet pulls, and hinges. Choose finishes that complement each other and create a cohesive look. A mixture of finishes can work well, but ensure the tones are harmonious.
Personal Preferences
Ultimately, the best door handles are the ones that you find most appealing. Consider your personal preferences and choose door handles that reflect your individual style. Don’t be afraid to experiment with different styles and finishes to find the perfect look for your home.
Security Considerations for Door Handles
Door handles play a crucial role in the security of your home. When selecting door handles for exterior doors, consider the following security features:
Locking Mechanisms
Choose door handles with robust locking mechanisms that are resistant to picking and bumping. Consider using deadbolt locks for added security.
Reinforced Strike Plates
Install reinforced strike plates on your door frames to prevent forced entry. These strike plates are made of thicker metal and are secured with longer screws, making them more difficult to break.
High-Security Cylinders
Upgrade your lock cylinders to high-security models that are resistant to picking, bumping, and drilling. These cylinders feature advanced security features that make them more difficult to compromise.
Smart Door Handles
Consider using smart door handles that can be locked and unlocked remotely using a smartphone or keypad. These handles often feature advanced security features, such as tamper alerts and activity logs.
Accessibility Considerations (ADA Compliance)
When selecting door handles, it’s important to consider accessibility for individuals with disabilities. The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) sets standards for accessible design, including door hardware.
Lever Handles vs. Knobs
Lever handles are generally more accessible than door knobs, as they require less grip strength and dexterity to operate. The ADA recommends lever handles for accessible doors.
Operating Force
The ADA requires that door handles require no more than 5 pounds of force to operate. This ensures that individuals with limited strength can easily open doors.
Shape and Size
Lever handles should be easy to grasp and operate with one hand. They should be at least 4 inches long and have a smooth, rounded shape.
Placement
Door handles should be mounted at a height of 34 to 48 inches above the finished floor to be accessible to individuals in wheelchairs.
Cost Considerations for Door Handles
The cost of door handles can vary widely depending on the type, material, finish, and brand. Before making a purchase, it’s important to consider your budget and prioritize the features that are most important to you.
Budget-Friendly Options
Aluminum and zinc door handles are typically the most affordable options. These materials are less durable than brass or stainless steel but can be a good choice for interior doors and less demanding environments.
Mid-Range Options
Stainless steel and brass door handles offer a good balance of durability, appearance, and cost. These materials are suitable for both interior and exterior doors.
High-End Options
Bronze and crystal door handles are typically the most expensive options. These materials offer a unique and luxurious aesthetic and are often used in high-end homes and commercial buildings.
Installation Costs
Factor in the cost of installation when budgeting for new door handles. Hiring a professional installer can add to the overall cost, but it can also ensure that the handles are installed correctly and securely.
Door Handle Trends
The world of door hardware is constantly evolving, with new trends emerging each year. Staying up-to-date on the latest trends can help you choose door handles that are both stylish and functional.
Matte Black Finishes
Matte black finishes are increasingly popular, offering a bold and contemporary look. They are versatile and can complement a variety of architectural styles.
Smart Technology Integration
Smart door handles with keyless entry, remote locking, and activity tracking are becoming more common. These handles offer enhanced security and convenience.
Minimalist Designs
Clean, minimalist designs are trending, with an emphasis on simplicity and functionality. Lever handles with streamlined shapes and hidden screws are popular choices.
Sustainable Materials
Eco-friendly door handles made from recycled materials or sustainably sourced wood are gaining popularity as homeowners become more conscious of their environmental impact.
Conclusion
Choosing the right door handles is a significant decision that impacts both the functionality and aesthetic appeal of your home or building. By carefully considering the various factors discussed in this guide, including the type of door, the material, the finish, the style, the security requirements, and the budget, you can select door handles that meet your needs and enhance the overall design of your space. Remember to prioritize quality, durability, and ease of use to ensure that your door handles provide years of reliable service. Whether you are renovating an existing home or building a new one, taking the time to choose the perfect door handles will add a touch of style and sophistication to your project.
